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Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication.As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia by chemically reducing the ferric iron in hemoglobin to ferrous iron.
[4] [12] [14] [17] [27] Therapeutic alternatives with similar clinical performance are listed for some medicines and they may be considered for national essential medicines lists. [17] [18] The 9th Essential Medicines List for Children was updated in July 2023. [23] [28] Note: An α indicates a medicine is on the complementary list. [4] [14] [17]
Methylene blue is given as a 1% solution (10 mg/ml) 1 to 2 mg/kg administered intravenously slowly over five minutes. Although the response is usually rapid, the dose may be repeated in one hour if the level of methemoglobin is still high one hour after the initial infusion. Methylene blue inhibits monoamine oxidase, and serotonin toxicity can ...
9-Me-BC is a methylated derivative of β-carboline with the molecular formula C 12 H 10 N 2. It may be prepared by performing the Eschweiler–Clarke reaction on freebase β-carboline (norharmane) [ citation needed ]
Methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride), the antidote indicated for drug-induced methemoglobinemia on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, among a plethora of other off-label uses, is a highly potent, reversible MAO inhibitor. [53] The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved these MAOIs to treat depression: [54]
New methylene blue (also NMB) [clarify] is an organic compound of the thiazine class of heterocycles. It is used as a stain and as an antimicrobial agent. It is classified as an azine dye, and the chromophore is a cation, the anion is often unspecified.
Allergic-like reactions and methemoglobinemia have been documented after the use of methylene blue dye in chromopertubation. [9] These reported symptoms vary from blue discoloration of body fluids to anaphylactic shock. [10] Methemoglobinemia is a blood disorder that can potentially result in various levels of cyanosis. [11]
After incubation, methylene blue is added. If anti-Toxo antibodies are present in the serum, the antibody-antigen complex activates complement to lyse the parasite membrane, Toxoplasma trophozoites are not stained (positive result); if there are no antibodies, trophozoites with intact membrane are stained and appear blue under microscope ...
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