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In several jurisprudential and theological principles, the Shafi'i Sunni school of thought is much closer to the Mu'tazila and Twelve Imam Shiites than the other three Sunni schools. [20] In the Shafi'i religion, like Ahl al-Shi'a, they honor the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet of Islam and emphasize their infallibility.
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It also contains other valuable information such as the way the founder (Al-Shafi'i) worked out the differences in opinions of the companions. [1] It is known the founder of the Shafi'i school named Imam Al-Shafi'i authored the famous Kitab al-Umm. His student Al-Muzani abridged it and circulated as Mukhtasar al-Muzani.
The four Sunni Imams founded the four madhhab (schools of thought) recognized in Sunni Islam.While they agree on the foundational principles of fiqh according to the Sunni narrative, their interpretations of certain legal and practical matters differ, which led to the development of the four distinct madhhab.
Al-Wajiz fi Fiqh al-Imam al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الوجيز في فقه الإمام الشافعي) or The Condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence is a concise summary of Shafi’i Fiqh and 'Ilm al-Khilaf [] (the science of juridical disagreement) written by Imam al-Ghazali the leading juristconsult of his time.
The major Sunni madhāhib are Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali. [1] They emerged in the ninth and tenth centuries CE and by the twelfth century almost all jurists aligned themselves with a particular madhab. [2] These four schools recognize each other's validity and they have interacted in legal debate over the centuries.
Kitab al-Umm – his main surviving text on Shafi'i fiqh; Musnad al-Shafi'i (on hadith) – it is available with arrangement, Arabic 'Tartib', by Ahmad ibn Abd ar-Rahman al-Banna; Ikhtilaf al-Hadith; Al-Sunan al-Ma’thour; Jima’ al-’Ilm; In addition to this, al-Shafi'i was an eloquent poet, who composed many short poems aimed at addressing ...
Today, the Maturidi school is the position favored by the Ahl ar-Ra'y ("people of reason"), which includes only the Hanafi school of fiqh who make up the majority of Sunni Muslims. [65] The Maturidi school takes the middle position between the Ash'ari and Mu'tazili schools on the questions of knowing truth and free will. The Maturidis say that ...