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Pope John Paul II (Latin: Ioannes Paulus II; Polish: Jan Paweł II; Italian: Giovanni Paolo II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła, Polish: [ˈkarɔl ˈjuzɛv vɔjˈtɨwa]; [b] 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his death in 2005.
Karol is a biography of Karol Wojtyła, later known as Pope John Paul II, beginning in 1939 when Karol was only 19 years old and ending at the 1978 papal election that made him Pope. The TV miniseries was initially to air in early April 2005 in the Vatican, but it was delayed due to the Pope's death.
Karol Józef Wojtyła (jr) was born on 18 May 1920 in Wadowice near the city of Kraków in southern Poland, the youngest of three children. [1] His father was Karol Józef Wojtyła (senior), born on 18 July 1879 in Lipnik (now part of Bielsko-Biała). He was a non-commissioned officer of the Austro-Hungarian Army and a captain in the Polish Army.
Cardinal Karol Wojtyła was elected Pope John Paul II by the second conclave on 16 October 1978. The papal conclaves of August 1978 and of October 1978 were respectively convened to elect a pope, the leader of the Catholic Church, to succeed Paul VI and John Paul I following their respective deaths on 6 August 1978 and on 28 September 1978.
The pope, in tribute to his immediate predecessor, then took the name of John Paul II. He became the first non-Italian pope since Adrian VI, who reigned from 1522 to 1523. At 6:19 p.m. local time (17:19 UTC), the white smoke rose from the chimney of the Sistine Chapel, announcing to the public that a new pope had been elected. [4]
Karol: The Pope, The Man is a 2006 TV miniseries directed by Giacomo Battiato chronicling Pope John Paul II's life as pope in flashbacks. [1] It covers the period of his life from the October 22, 1978 papal inauguration to his death in 2005.
Love and Responsibility is a book written by Karol Wojtyła before he became Pope John Paul II and was originally published in Polish in 1960 and in English in 1981. [1] [2] [3] A new translation was published in 2013. [4]
On October 16, 1978, the Archbishop of Kraków Cardinal Karol Wojtyła was elected as Pope and took the name John Paul II. He was the first Pope in 455 years who was not Italian. On the same day in 2002, Pope John Paul II introduced the Luminous Mysteries of the Rosary .