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Aluminium chloride, also known as aluminium trichloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula AlCl 3. It forms a hexahydrate with the formula [Al(H 2 O) 6 ]Cl 3 , containing six water molecules of hydration .
Elastic properties describe the reversible deformation (elastic response) of a material to an applied stress. They are a subset of the material properties that provide a quantitative description of the characteristics of a material, like its strength. Material properties are most often characterized by a set of numerical parameters called moduli.
It is also known as the strength-to-weight ratio or strength/weight ratio or strength-to-mass ratio. In fiber or textile applications, tenacity is the usual measure of specific strength. The SI unit for specific strength is Pa ⋅ m 3 / kg , or N ⋅m/kg, which is dimensionally equivalent to m 2 /s 2 , though the latter form is rarely used.
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The ultimate tensile strength of a material is an intensive property; therefore its value does not depend on the size of the test specimen.However, depending on the material, it may be dependent on other factors, such as the preparation of the specimen, the presence or otherwise of surface defects, and the temperature of the test environment and material.
In fracture mechanics, the energy release rate, , is the rate at which energy is transformed as a material undergoes fracture.Mathematically, the energy release rate is expressed as the decrease in total potential energy per increase in fracture surface area, [1] [2] and is thus expressed in terms of energy per unit area.
where is the initial density and / denotes the derivative of pressure with respect to density. The inverse of the bulk modulus gives a substance's compressibility . Generally the bulk modulus is defined at constant temperature as the isothermal bulk modulus, but can also be defined at constant entropy as the adiabatic bulk modulus.
The theoretical strength can also be approximated using the fracture work per unit area, which result in slightly different numbers. However, the above derivation and final approximation is a commonly used metric for evaluating the advantages of a material's mechanical properties.