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  2. Futures and promises - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_and_promises

    If V is a return value, then it is sent the request R. If V is an exception, then it is thrown to the customer of the request R. If it does not already have a response, then R is stored in the queue of requests inside the F. When F receives the response V from evaluating <Expression>, then V is stored in F and

  3. Object pool pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_pool_pattern

    If this number is reached and a new item is requested, an exception may be thrown, or the thread will be blocked until an object is released back into the pool. The object pool design pattern is used in several places in the standard classes of the .NET Framework. One example is the .NET Framework Data Provider for SQL Server.

  4. Thread safety - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_safety

    Thread safety guarantees usually also include design steps to prevent or limit the risk of different forms of deadlocks, as well as optimizations to maximize concurrent performance. However, deadlock-free guarantees cannot always be given, since deadlocks can be caused by callbacks and violation of architectural layering independent of the ...

  5. Monitor (synchronization) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(synchronization)

    In this example, when the "wait" operation is called, it must somehow be supplied with the thread-safe stack's mutex, such as if the "wait" operation is an integrated part of the "monitor class". Aside from this kind of abstracted functionality, when a "raw" monitor is used, it will always have to include a mutex and a condition variable, with ...

  6. Exception handling (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exception_handling...

    As a minor variation, some languages use a single handler clause, which deals with the class of the exception internally. Also common is a related clause ( finally or ensure ) that is executed whether an exception occurred or not, typically to release resources acquired within the body of the exception-handling block.

  7. List of concurrent and parallel programming languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_concurrent_and...

    Concurrent and parallel programming languages involve multiple timelines. Such languages provide synchronization constructs whose behavior is defined by a parallel execution model. A concurrent programming language is defined as one which uses the concept of simultaneously executing processes or threads of execution as a means of structuring a ...

  8. Double-checked locking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-checked_locking

    In .NET Framework 4.0, the Lazy<T> class was introduced, which internally uses double-checked locking by default (ExecutionAndPublication mode) to store either the exception that was thrown during construction, or the result of the function that was passed to Lazy<T>: [15]

  9. Readers–writer lock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readers–writer_lock

    An RW lock allows concurrent access for read-only operations, whereas write operations require exclusive access. This means that multiple threads can read the data in parallel but an exclusive lock is needed for writing or modifying data. When a writer is writing the data, all other writers and readers will be blocked until the writer is ...