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The command interpreter for DOS runs when no application programs are running. When an application exits, if the transient portion of the command interpreter in memory was overwritten, DOS will reload it from disk. Some commands are internal—built into COMMAND.COM; others are external commands stored on disk.
One of the major improvements the PCI Local Bus had over other I/O architectures was its configuration mechanism. In addition to the normal memory-mapped and I/O port spaces, each device function on the bus has a configuration space, which is 256 bytes long, addressable by knowing the eight-bit PCI bus, five-bit device, and three-bit function numbers for the device (commonly referred to as the ...
devmem — Read/write physical address via /dev/mem. df — Shows total/used/available disk space for each filesystem listed on the command line, or all currently mounted filesystems. diff - Compare two files. dirname — Show directory portion of path. dmesg — Print or control the kernel ring buffer.
The CONFIG.SYS directives also set up the memory managers in the system. After processing the CONFIG.SYS file, DOS proceeds to load and execute the command shell specified in the SHELL line of CONFIG.SYS, or COMMAND.COM if there is no such line. The command shell in turn is responsible for processing the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
Start monitoring a memory location for memory writes. The memory address to monitor is given by DS:AX/EAX/RAX. [m] ECX and EDX are reserved for extra extension and hint flags, respectively. [n] Usually 0 [o] Prescott, Yonah, Bonnell, K10, Nano: MWAIT [l] MWAIT EAX,ECX: NP 0F 01 C9: Wait for a write to a monitored memory location previously ...
HIMEM.SYS is a DOS device driver which allows DOS programs to store data in extended memory according to the ... there is also a command-line loadable version of ...
In Unix-like operating systems, /dev/random and /dev/urandom are special files that serve as cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generators (CSPRNGs). They are backed by a a CSPRNG that is seeded with entropy (a value that provides randomness ) from environmental noise, collected from device drivers and other sources.
The program produces an ordered list of running processes selected by user-specified criteria, and updates it periodically. Default ordering is by CPU usage, and only the top CPU consumers are shown. top shows how much processing power and memory are being used, as well as other information about the running processes.