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A neoplasm (/ ˈ n iː oʊ p l æ z əm, ˈ n iː ə-/) [1] [2] is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue. The process that occurs to form or produce a neoplasm is called neoplasia. The growth of a neoplasm is uncoordinated with that of the normal surrounding tissue, and persists in growing abnormally, even if the original trigger is ...
Cancer is also euphemised as "the C-word"; [232] [233] [234] Macmillan Cancer Support uses the term to try to lessen the fear around the disease. [235] In Nigeria, one local name for cancer translates into English as "the disease that cannot be cured". [ 236 ]
The enzyme telomerase is used to extend the cancer cell's life span. [40] While the telomeres of most cells shorten after each division, eventually causing the cell to die, telomerase extends the cell's telomeres. This is a major reason that cancer cells can accumulate over time, creating tumors.
The term dysplasia is typically used when the cellular abnormality is restricted to the originating tissue, as in the case of an early, in-situ neoplasm. [ citation needed ] Dysplasia, in which cell maturation and differentiation are delayed, can be contrasted with metaplasia , in which cells of one mature, differentiated type are replaced by ...
Overview of signal transduction pathways involved in apoptosis. Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, as in programmed cell death, or may result from factors such as diseases, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are part.
CNS tumor is a generic term encompassing over 120 distinct tumor types. [2] Common symptoms of CNS tumors include vomiting , headache , changes in vision, nausea, and seizures . [ 3 ] A CNS tumor can be detected and classified via neurological examination, medical imaging , such as x-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) or computed ...
Dysplasia is an abnormal type of excessive cell proliferation characterized by loss of normal tissue arrangement and cell structure in pre-malignant cells. These early neoplastic changes must be distinguished from hyperplasia , a reversible increase in cell division caused by an external stimulus, such as a hormonal imbalance or chronic irritation.
These cells are separated from stromal cells by a basement membrane that prevents these cell populations from mixing. [5] A mixture of these cell types is recognized, normally, as a wound, as in the example of a cut to the skin. [6] Metastasis is an example of a disease state in which a breach of the basement membrane barrier occurs. [7]