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Let A be a square n × n matrix with n linearly independent eigenvectors q i (where i = 1, ..., n).Then A can be factored as = where Q is the square n × n matrix whose i th column is the eigenvector q i of A, and Λ is the diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements are the corresponding eigenvalues, Λ ii = λ i.
For a Hermitian matrix, the norm squared of the jth component of a normalized eigenvector can be calculated using only the matrix eigenvalues and the eigenvalues of the corresponding minor matrix, |, | = (()) (), where is the submatrix formed by removing the jth row and column from the original matrix.
Given an n × n square matrix A of real or complex numbers, an eigenvalue λ and its associated generalized eigenvector v are a pair obeying the relation [1] =,where v is a nonzero n × 1 column vector, I is the n × n identity matrix, k is a positive integer, and both λ and v are allowed to be complex even when A is real.l When k = 1, the vector is called simply an eigenvector, and the pair ...
In linear algebra, a generalized eigenvector of an matrix is a vector which satisfies certain criteria which are more relaxed than those for an (ordinary) eigenvector. [ 1 ] Let V {\displaystyle V} be an n {\displaystyle n} -dimensional vector space and let A {\displaystyle A} be the matrix representation of a linear map from V {\displaystyle V ...
This real Jordan form is a consequence of the complex Jordan form. For a real matrix the nonreal eigenvectors and generalized eigenvectors can always be chosen to form complex conjugate pairs. Taking the real and imaginary part (linear combination of the vector and its conjugate), the matrix has this form with respect to the new basis.
Notation: The index j represents the jth eigenvalue or eigenvector. The index i represents the ith component of an eigenvector. Both i and j go from 1 to n, where the matrix is size n x n. Eigenvectors are normalized. The eigenvalues are ordered in descending order.
2. The upper triangle of the matrix S is destroyed while the lower triangle and the diagonal are unchanged. Thus it is possible to restore S if necessary according to for k := 1 to n−1 do ! restore matrix S for l := k+1 to n do S kl := S lk endfor endfor. 3. The eigenvalues are not necessarily in descending order.
The determinant of the matrix equals the product of its eigenvalues. Similarly, the trace of the matrix equals the sum of its eigenvalues. [4] [5] [6] From this point of view, we can define the pseudo-determinant for a singular matrix to be the product of its nonzero eigenvalues (the density of multivariate normal distribution will need this ...