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It was originally defined as "the quantity or mass of radium emanation in equilibrium with one gram of radium (element)", [1] but is currently defined as 1 Ci = 3.7 × 10 10 decays per second [4] after more accurate measurements of the activity of 226 Ra (which has a specific activity of 3.66 × 10 10 Bq/g [5]).
[1] [2] It is usually given in units of becquerel per kilogram (Bq/kg), but another commonly used unit of specific activity is the curie per gram (Ci/g). In the context of radioactivity , activity or total activity (symbol A ) is a physical quantity defined as the number of radioactive transformations per second that occur in a particular ...
Disintegrations per minute (dpm) and disintegrations per second (dps) are measures of the activity of the source of radioactivity. The SI unit of radioactivity, the becquerel (Bq), is equivalent to one disintegration per second. This unit should not be confused with cps, which is the number of counts received by an instrument from the source.
Symbol rate, baud rate, is the number of transmitted tones per second. One symbol can carry one or several bits of information. In voiceband modems for the telephone network, it is common for one symbol to carry up to 7 bits. Conveying more than one bit per symbol or bit per pulse has advantages.
The Curie is a unit of measurement (3.7 × 10 10 decays per second or 37 gigabecquerels) used to describe the intensity of a sample of radioactive material and was named after Marie and Pierre Curie by the Radiology Congress in 1910.
1 Bq = 1 s −1. A special name was introduced for the reciprocal second (s −1) to represent radioactivity to avoid potentially dangerous mistakes with prefixes.For example, 1 μs −1 would mean 10 6 disintegrations per second: (10 −6 s) −1 = 10 6 s −1, [4] whereas 1 μBq would mean 1 disintegration per 1 million seconds.
The rep has variously been defined as 83 or 93 ergs per gram of tissue (8.3/9.3 mGy) [13] or per cc of tissue. [ 14 ] In 1953 the ICRU recommended the rad, equal to 100 erg/g as a new unit of absorbed radiation, [ 15 ] but then promoted a switch to the gray in the 1970s.
Owing to its much shorter half-life, a milligram of 210 Po emits as many alpha particles per second as 5 grams of 226 Ra. [11] A few curies of 210 Po emit a blue glow caused by excitation of surrounding air. 210 Po occurs in minute amounts in nature, where it is the penultimate isotope in the uranium series decay chain.