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  2. Protostar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protostar

    A protostar is a very young star that is still gathering mass from its parent molecular cloud. It is the earliest phase in the process of stellar evolution . [ 1 ] For a low-mass star (i.e. that of the Sun or lower), it lasts about 500,000 years. [ 2 ]

  3. IRAS 04125+2902 b - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRAS_04125+2902_b

    Despite its cool temperature and late spectral type, this star is larger than the Sun, mostly because of its young age. [1] IRAS 04125+2902 has a transitional disk located at 20–60 AU [ 6 ] and makes a binary system with 2MASS J04154269+2909558, being separated by a projected distance of 635 astronomical units (9.50 × 10 10 km) from its ...

  4. Young stellar object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_stellar_object

    A star forms by accumulation of material that falls in to a protostar from a circumstellar disk or envelope. Material in the disk is cooler than the surface of the protostar, so it radiates at longer wavelengths of light producing excess infrared emission. As material in the disk is depleted, the infrared excess decreases.

  5. HOPS 383 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOPS_383

    HOPS 383 is a Class 0 protostar. It is the first Class 0 protostar discovered to have had an outburst, [1] and as of 2020, the youngest protostar known to have had an outburst. [1] The outburst, discovered by the Herschel Orion Protostar Survey (HOPS) team, was first reported in February 2015 in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. [2]

  6. HD 100546 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD_100546

    Despite the uncertainty of the planet's properties, a 2017 study calculated HD 100546 b as a very highly reddened substellar object with a good-fit effective temperature of 2,630 K and a planetary mass and radius of 25 M Jup and 3.4 R Jup, making it still one of the largest exoplanets discovered by size.

  7. NGC 7538 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7538

    NGC 7538, near the more famous Bubble Nebula, is located in the constellation Cepheus.It is located about 9,100 light-years from Earth. It is home to the biggest yet discovered protostar which is about 300 times the size of the Solar System. [4]

  8. Frost line (astrophysics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)

    In astronomy or planetary science, the frost line, also known as the snow line or ice line, is the minimum distance from the central protostar of a solar nebula where the temperature is low enough for volatile compounds such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide to condense into solid grains, which will allow their accretion into planetesimals.

  9. Dust astronomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_astronomy

    The temperature at a cometary surface is generally near the local blackbody temperature; which suggests the existence of an inactive dust mantle covering large parts of the surface of the nucleus. [101] Therefore, sublimation of ices from the cometary surface and the consequent emission of the embedded dust is not a simple process.