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The term brown rot replaced the general use of the term dry rot, as wood must be damp to decay, although it may become dry later. Dry rot is a generic name for certain species of brown-rot fungi. Brown-rot fungi of particular economic importance include Serpula lacrymans (true dry rot), Fibroporia vaillantii (mine fungus), and Coniophora ...
Phomopsis cane and leaf spot is a disease that causes symptoms in the common grapevine species, Vitis vinifera, in many regions of the world. [2] This disease is mainly caused by the fungal pathogen, Phomopsis viticola, and is known to affect many cultivars of table grapes, such as Thompson Seedless, Red Globe, and Flame Seedless. [3]
Leaf spots can vary in size, shape, and color depending on the age and type of the cause or pathogen. Plants, shrubs and trees are weakened by the spots on the leaves as they reduce available foliar space for photosynthesis. Other forms of leaf spot diseases include leaf rust, downy mildew and blights. [4]
The leaves typically turn brown or straw color, then fall off. [10] The stems develop dark brown or black lesions. [11] The disease is often fatal to young plants. The spores remain viable for five years in fallen boxwood leaves, [12] and are dispersed by wind and rain over short distances. Since they are sticky the spores may also be spread by ...
Berry rot Yeasts Black measles Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see Wood rot (decay) Chlorosis: Iron deficiency Esca Presumably toxins from wood-rotting fungi; see Wood rot (decay) Fasciation: Genetic disorder Little leaf Zinc deficiency: Oxidant stipple Ozone: Rupestris speckle Physiological disorder
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes.In viticulture, it is commonly known as "botrytis bunch rot"; in horticulture, it is usually called "grey mould" or "gray mold".
The disease cycle begins with the overwintering structures. The grape black rot pathogen overwinters in many parts of the grape vine, especially mummies and lesions, and is able to overwinter on the vineyard floor. [3] In fact, "Viable lesions capable of producing conidia can persist in wood for at least 2 years."
Chemically, wood attacked by dry rot fungi is decayed by the same process as other brown rot fungi. An outbreak of dry rot within a building can be an extremely serious infestation that is hard to eradicate, requiring drastic remedies to correct. Significant decay can cause instability and cause the structure to collapse.