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Slavery in Africa has a long history, within Africa since before historical records, but intensifying with the trans-Saharan and Indian Ocean slave trade [2] [3] and again with the trans-Atlantic slave trade; [4] the demand for slaves created an entire series of kingdoms which existed in a state of perpetual warfare in order to generate the ...
Slavery in northern Africa dates back to ancient Egypt. The New Kingdom (1558–1080 BC) brought large numbers of slaves as prisoners of war up the Nile valley and used them for domestic and supervised labour. [25] Ptolemaic Egypt (305 BC–30 BC) used both land and sea routes to bring in slaves. [26]
Illustration from the book The Child Slaves of Britain. Child slavery and forced labor continues to be a problem in the 21st century. Mainly driven by the culture in certain regions, early or forced marriage is a form of slavery that affects millions of women and girls all over the world. When families cannot support their children, the ...
Social movements led by people assigned "slave" status now exist in almost all the countries of French-speaking West Africa. [ 5 ] [ 21 ] The Soninke diaspora is heavily involved in the fight against descent-based slavery, notably through the "Gambana" movement (a slogan meaning "equality"), operating mainly in Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania and Mali.
In Niger, while the practice of slavery was outlawed in 2003, a study has found that more than 800,000 people are still slaves, almost 8% of the population. [71] [72] Slavery dates back centuries in Niger and was criminalised after five years of lobbying by Anti-Slavery International and Nigerian human-rights group, Timidria. [73]
Zanzibar was once East Africa's main slave-trading port, during the Indian Ocean slave trade and under Omani Arabs in the 19th century, with as many as 50,000 slaves passing through the city each year. [40] Prior to the 16th century, the bulk of slaves exported from Africa were shipped from East Africa to the Arabian peninsula.
The United Nations said on Tuesday countries could consider financial reparations among the measures to compensate for the enslavement of people of African descent, though legal claims are ...
The US-RDA encouraged every slave in the country to leave their masters and many did. However, many returned within a year or two as a result of limited economic opportunities provided for ex-slaves in the country. [29] Even these limited efforts were largely halted with the dictatorship of Moussa Traoré from 1968 until 1991. [28]