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Image orthicons were used extensively in the early color television cameras such as the RCA TK-40/41, where the increased sensitivity of the tube was essential to overcome the very inefficient, beam-splitting optical system of the camera. [96] [97] The image orthicon tube was at one point colloquially referred to as an Immy.
An image (beam) splitter was used in the TK-40/41 to direct the incoming light into three image orthicon tubes for recording moving pictures in the red, green, and blue component colors. The early cameras required a very large amount of lighting , which caused television studios to become very warm due to the use of multi- kilowatt lamps (a ...
The iconoscope was replaced in Europe around 1936 by the much more sensitive Super-Emitron and Superikonoskop, [7] [8] [9] while in the United States the iconoscope was the leading camera tube used for broadcasting from 1936 until 1946, when it was replaced by the image orthicon tube. [10] [11]
The aims of the designers of the camera were, firstly, to produce a camera that was more tolerant to mis-registration and, secondly, to achieve a lighter camera by using smaller vidicon tubes to replace some of the large heavy IO tubes. The camera had an image orthicon tube for the luminance channel and three vidicon tubes for the colour channels.
Although the original use of Plumbicon camera tubes was in broadcast television, current demand is primarily in for use in medical imaging equipment. In 1973, several years after its acquisition by Amperex, the manufacturing operations of Advanced Micro Electronics were transferred to Slatersville.
The other half of the light passes to the other side, through a 45-degree angle mirror and into a video camera tube. Because the camera dollies had to support two cameras—one conventional electronic image orthicon TV camera tube, and one 35mm motion picture camera—the system was bulky and heavy, and somewhat clumsy in operation.
1946 RCA's TK-10 studio camera used a 3" IO – Image Orthicon tube with a 4 lens turret. The RCA TK-30 (1946) was widely used as a field camera. A TK-30 is simply a TK-10 with a portable camera control unit. The 1948 Dumont Marconi MK IV was an Image Orthicon camera. Marconi's first camera was shown in 1938. [4]
TV cameras were based on the iconoscope, the primary camera tube used in American broadcasting from 1936 until 1946, when it was replaced by the image orthicon tube. [10] [11] Earlier cameras used special spotlights or spinning disks to capture light from a single very brightly lit spot, and were not suitable for broadcasting of outdoor live ...