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Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches. [1] [3] It is taken by mouth. [1] [3] It can also be applied on the tongue. [2] It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan). [1] [2] Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling. [3]
The main structural difference of the triptans is the position of the sulfonamide and the side chain attached to it (see figure 1 and table 1). Rizatriptan and zolmitriptan have instead of a sulfonamide a triazole and 2-oxazolidone respectively. Another exception to the classic structure is seen on eletriptan where the nitrogen-alkyl chain ...
The benefits of pain freedom at 2 hours were sustained through 24 and 48 hours for many patients. In a head-to-head comparison, SYMBRAVO demonstrated statistically significant superiority compared to rizatriptan on sustained pain freedom from 2 to 24 hours. Notably, these benefits were seen with only a single dose of SYMBRAVO.
Triptans have a wide variety of pharmacokinetic properties. Bioavailability is between 14% and 70%, biological half-life (T 1/2) is between 2 and 26 hours. Their good ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and the rather long half life of some triptans may result in lower frequencies of migraine recurrence. [22] [38] [39] [40]
New research from the United Kingdom finds that an older class of migraine drugs called triptans is often better than newer options when it comes to pain relief — they are also cheaper.
Academics said their findings are ‘important’ considering the higher costs of new treatments.
The triptan drug class includes 1st generation sumatriptan (which has poor bioavailability), and second generation zolmitriptan. [2] Due to their safety, efficacy and selectivity, triptans are considered first line agents for abortion of migraines. [2] These medications are selective 5-HT 1B/1D receptor agonists with some activity at 5-HT 1F.
In addition to being 5-HT 1B agonists, triptans (i.e. sumatriptan, almotriptan, zolmitriptan, naratriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan and rizatriptan) are also agonists at the 5-HT 1D receptor, which contributes to their antimigraine effect caused by vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the brain. The same is true for ergotamine.
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