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The chaperon was one of the items of male clothing that featured in the charges brought against Joan of Arc at her trial in 1431. [12] This was apparently a hat rather than a hood, as she was stated to have taken it off in front of the Dauphin – this was cited as further damning evidence of her assuming male behaviours. [13]
Chapeau-bras, also chapeau-de-bras – 18th- to early-19th-century folding bicorne hat carried under one arm; Chaperon – a series of hats that evolved in 14th- and 15th-century Europe from the medieval hood of the same name; Cocked hat; Colback – a fur headpiece of Turkish origin
His bag-shaped hat has a rolled brim and is decorated with a jewel. Early 15th century. Young man wears a draped chaperon and a dark robe over a reddish doublet. Note the characteristic high front neckline compared to the back neckline, Florence, 1425. A chaperon worn in elaborate twists, 1433.
The chaperon in the form of hood and attached shoulder-length cape was worn during this period, especially by the rural lower classes, and the fitted linen coif tied under the chin appeared very late in the century. Small round or slightly conical caps with rolled brims were worn, and straw hats were worn for outdoor work in summer. [2] [5]
Later on, capes were common in medieval Europe, especially when combined with a hood in the chaperon. They have had periodic returns to fashion – for example, in nineteenth-century Europe. Catholic clergy wear a type of cape known as a ferraiolo , which is worn for formal events outside a ritualistic context.
From about 1360, this style of gugel was also worn outside Germany, being called a chaperon in France and a cappucio in Italy. By about 1400 the trailing point was sometimes of enormous proportions. By about 1400 the trailing point was sometimes of enormous proportions.
A type of hood called Capirote is being worn in Hispanic countries by members of a confraternity of penitents. The word traces back to Old English hod "hood," from Proto-Germanic *hodaz (cf. Old Saxon, Old Frisian hod "hood," Middle Dutch hoet, Dutch hoed "hat," Old High German huot "helmet, hat, Gugel", German Hut "hat," Old Frisian hode "guard, protection"), from PIE *kadh- "cover".
Man wearing a chaperon, Italy, late 14th century. During this century, the chaperon made a transformation from being a utilitarian hood with a small cape to becoming a complicated and fashionable hat worn by the wealthy in town settings. This came when they began to be worn with the opening for the face placed instead on the top of the head.