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The fungus has been isolated from a wide variety of palm tissue. The fungus is not host specific so the disease could be present in many more types of palm, but further research needs to be done. The fungus has also been known to infect pygmy date palm (Phoenix roebelenii) and has been a big problem in Florida during the winter months. [1]
Fungal diseases; Bayoud (Fusariose) Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis: Belaat Phytophthora sp. Bending head Ceratocystis paradoxa. Chalara paradoxa [anamorph] = Thielaviopsis paradoxa Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae. Black leaf spot Coniothyrium palmarum (Israel, India and Cyprus) [1] Black scorch Ceratocystis paradoxa
Bayoud disease is an epiphytic fungal disease of date palm. [1] [2] The pathogen responsible for the disease is Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis. [3] [4] [5] The disease was first reported from Morocco in 1870. The word "bayoud" is derived from the Arabic abiadh ("white"), and is a reference to the whitish discoloration of diseased fronds. [1]
Other symptoms: Ant bites are typically painful and itchy. In addition to the bites, fire ants use their stinger to inject a venom called solenopsin, which causes a burning sensation, Frye says.
Phoenix roebelenii is a small to medium-sized, slow-growing slender tree growing to 2–7 metres (6.6–23.0 ft) tall. The leaves are 60–120 cm (24–47 in) long, pinnate, with around 100 leaflets arranged in a single plane (unlike the related P. loureiroi where the leaflets are in two planes).
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Since 2009, Texas Phoenix palm disease is known to severely affect the Phoenix spp. and Sabal spp. palm trees: Canary Island date palm, silver or sylvester date palm, Queen palm, Sabal palm, and cabbage palm. All of these trees have been observed to have the same symptoms. The complete host range of this phytoplasma strain is not known. [2] [6]