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Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of authority are primarily held by men. The term patriarchy is used both in anthropology to describe a family or clan controlled by the father or eldest male or group of males, and in feminist theory to describe a broader social structure in which men as a group dominate society. [1] [2] [3]
The term was coined by Turkish author and researcher Deniz Kandiyoti in her 1988 article, "Bargaining with Patriarchy", which appeared in the September issue of Gender & Society. [ 1 ] Sociologist Lisa Wade states that patriarchal bargain is "an individual strategy designed to manipulate the system to one’s best advantage, but one that leaves ...
In other words, without testosterone, the institutions would not develop—it must be part (but not all) of an explanation for their universality. Finally, Goldberg proposes that if patriarchy is indeed biologically based, it will prove to be inevitable; unless a society is willing to intervene biologically on the male physiology.
Use of the word can be found as far back as the 19th century, including an 1871 use in The Spectator magazine. [17] It appeared in Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (11th ed.) in 1952. Translation of the French misandrie to the German Männerhass (Hatred of Men) [ 18 ] is recorded in 1803.
The Tree of Patriarchy is a metaphor used to describe the system of patriarchy. It appears in Allan G. Johnson’s The Gender Knot (1997), who borrowed the idea from R. Roosevelt Thomas Jr. (1991). The metaphor uses the parts of a tree to illustrate how patriarchy is shaped by and performs in society .
Proponents of men's liberation argued that male bonding is a mechanism to conform men's identities to a single sense of masculinity, which reinforces patriarchy. [ citation needed ] In lieu of such bonding, MLM called for the open acknowledgment of the costs of masculinity: men's entrapment in their fixed role as the breadwinner of the nuclear ...
Regardless, “zhuzh” — the pronunciation sounds a bit like "jouj" — is in fact a real word, meaning “to fix, to tidy; to smarten up,” according to Green’s Dictionary of Slang.
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