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Comparison of a ha-ha (top) and a regular wall (bottom). Both walls prevent access, but one does not block the view looking outward. A ha-ha (French: hâ-hâ [a a] ⓘ or saut de loup [so dÉ™ lu] ⓘ), also known as a sunk fence, blind fence, ditch and fence, deer wall, or foss, is a recessed landscape design element that creates a vertical barrier (particularly on one side) while preserving ...
A knee wall is a short wall, typically under three feet (one metre) in height, used to support the rafters in timber roof construction. In his book A Visual Dictionary of Architecture , Francis D. K. Ching defines a knee wall as "a short wall supporting rafters at some intermediate position along their length."
The structure is very stable and will stand for a hundred years or more. The hedge has two stone faces with soil between the two walls. Bushes such as gorse may grow on the top, rooted in the soil between the walls. It is called a hedge because of its living component. A professional hedger can build about a metre of double-sided hedge in a day ...
The walls must resist the lateral pressures generated by loose soils or, in some cases, water pressures. [3] Every retaining wall supports a "wedge" of soil. The wedge is defined as the soil which extends beyond the failure plane of the soil type present at the wall site, and can be calculated once the soil friction angle is known. As the ...
A Cornish hedge is an earth bank with stones. [30] It normally consists of large stone blocks constructed either side of a narrow earth bank, and held in place with interlocking stones. The neat rows of square stones at the top are called "edgers". The top of the hedge is planted with grass turf. [31]
Tillage erosion is the soil movement and erosion by tilling a given plot of land. [3] A similar practice is contour bunding where stones are placed around the contours of slopes. Contour plowing has been proven to reduce fertilizer loss, power, time consumption, and wear on machines, as well as to increase crop yields and reduce soil erosion.
The allure of Hollywood memorabilia has been known to transcend generations, with props, costumes, and artifacts used by famous actors fetching astronomical prices at auction.These items offer a ...
The earlier mode of building which involved digging the ground and placing grass on top to cover gradually developed into earthen walls supporting roofs, then to wooden poles and beams. The earliest transcript of this type of dwelling was written during the Three Kingdoms period, where it was stated that Kim Suro (57 BCE-4CE), the first King of ...