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Exclusion clauses and limitation clauses are terms in a contract which seek to restrict the rights of the parties to the contract. Traditionally, the district courts have sought to limit the operation of exclusion clauses. In addition to numerous common law rules limiting their operation, in England and Wales Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999.
A war exclusion clause or hostile acts exclusion is a common clause in insurance policies which excludes damage arising from a warlike act between sovereign or quasi-sovereign entities. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Insurance companies typically won't cover damages caused by war because such an event could cause damage that would be likely to bankrupt them ...
The main exception is in insurance bad faith cases in the US if the insurer's breach of contract is alleged to be so egregious as to amount to a breach of the "implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing", and is therefore considered to be a tort cause of action eligible for punitive damages (in excess of the value of the insurance policy).
Within a contract, an exculpatory clause is a statement that aims to prevent one party from holding the other party liable for damages. [1] An exculpatory clause is generally only enforceable if it does not conflict with existing public policy . [ 2 ]
Third-party insurance - A third party may claim under an insurance policy made for their benefit, even though that party did not pay the premiums. Contracts for the benefit of a group , where a contract to supply a service is made in one person's name but is intended to sue at common law if the contract is breached; there is no privity of ...
The head of the Texas Medical Board also said that wider issues surrounding the law — such as the lack of exceptions in cases of rape or incest — were beyond the authority of the 16-member panel, twelve of whom are men. Only one member of the board is an obstetrician and gynecologist.
An integration clause (merger clause) can express that the agreement is complete and fully integrated. "There are no extraneous agreements or other understandings between the parties. The entire agreement is contained within the four corners of this document and any dispute to the meaning contained therein will be governed by this document."
The lengthy, and perhaps I may say sometimes indigestible speeches of their Lordships, are correctly summarised in the headnote - holding No. 3 [1967] 1 A.C. 361, 362 - "That the question whether an exceptions clause was applicable where there was a fundamental breach of contract was one of the true construction of the contract."