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Scoliosis affects 2–3% of the United States population, or about five to nine million cases. [4] A scoliosis (spinal column curve) of 10° or less affects 1.5–3% of individuals. [100] The age of onset is usually between 10 years and 15 years (but can occur younger) in children and adolescents, making up to 85% of those diagnosed.
English: Graph showing the incidence of scoliosis progression according to the progression factor, which is calculated by the formula: Cobb Angle - (3 x Risser Sign) Progression Factor = ──────────────────────────────── Chronological Age
This test is often used at schools and doctors' offices to check for scoliosis. The patient bends forward, as if they are diving. If the patient has scoliosis, their back often has a prominent line where the spine is, and one side is higher than the other. A patient's back is completely straight if they do not have scoliosis.
The management of scoliosis is complex and is determined primarily by the type of scoliosis encountered: syndromic, congenital, neuromuscular, or idiopathic. [1] Treatment options for idiopathic scoliosis are determined in part by the severity of the curvature and skeletal maturity, which together help predict the likelihood of progression.
Comparison of predicted future growth and progression of scoliosis to actual measured changes show that the Risser system is variably accurate. [5] Specifically, because the progression from stages 1 to 4 (apophyseal "excursion") is rapid and only takes an average of approximately 1 year, these stages are of limited value in pinpointing stage ...
The Cobb angle is named after the American orthopedic surgeon John Robert Cobb (1903–1967). It was originally used to measure coronal plane deformity on radiographs with antero-posterior projection for the classification of scoliosis. [9]
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a disorder in which the spine starts abnormally curving sideways between the ages of 10–18 years old. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Generally, AIS occurs during the growth spurt associated with adolescence.
X-ray image of an Idiopathic scoliosis. The neuromechanics of idiopathic scoliosis is about the changes in the bones, muscles and joints in cases of spinal deformity consisting of a lateral curvature scoliosis and a rotation of the vertebrae within the curve, that is not explained by either congenital vertebral abnormalities, or neuromuscular disorders such as muscular dystrophy.