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In this matrix, each row represents one of the three parity-check constraints, while each column represents one of the six bits in the received codeword. In this example, the eight codewords can be obtained by putting the parity-check matrix H into this form [ − P T | I n − k ] {\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}-P^{T}|I_{n-k}\end{bmatrix ...
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Gretl has its own scripting language, called hansl (which is a recursive acronym for Hansl's A Neat Scripting Language).. Hansl is a Turing-complete, interpreted programming language, featuring loops, conditionals, user-defined functions and complex data structures. [8]
The pandas package in Python implements this operation as "melt" function which converts a wide table to a narrow one. The process of converting a narrow table to wide table is generally referred to as "pivoting" in the context of data transformations.
The previous statements are also valid MATLAB expressions if the third one is executed before the others (numerical comparisons may be false because of round-off errors). If the system is overdetermined – so that A has more rows than columns – the pseudoinverse A + (in MATLAB and GNU Octave languages: pinv(A) ) can replace the inverse A − ...
The design matrix has dimension n-by-p, where n is the number of samples observed, and p is the number of variables measured in all samples. [4] [5]In this representation different rows typically represent different repetitions of an experiment, while columns represent different types of data (say, the results from particular probes).
Heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors that differ from classical standard errors may indicate model misspecification. Substituting heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors does not resolve this misspecification, which may lead to bias in the coefficients. In most situations, the problem should be found and fixed. [5]
A summed-area table is a data structure and algorithm for quickly and efficiently generating the sum of values in a rectangular subset of a grid. In the image processing domain, it is also known as an integral image .