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Grignard reagents add to propylene oxide to give secondary alcohols. Some other reactions of propylene oxide include: [14] Reaction with aluminium oxide at 250–260 °C leads to propionaldehyde and a little acetone. Reaction with silver(I) oxide leads to acetic acid. Reaction with sodium–mercury amalgam and water leads to isopropanol.
ethylbenzene is oxidized to ethylbenzene hydroperoxide, an epoxidizing agent in the propylene oxide/styrene process POSM; In the Bashkirov process, the autoxidation is conducted in the presence of boric acid, yielding an intermediate borate ester. The process is more selective with the boric acid, but the conversion to the alcohol requires ...
The lighter analogue of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, is produced by silver-catalyzed reaction of ethylene with oxygen. Attempts to implement this relatively simple technology to the conversion of propylene to propylene oxide fail. Instead only combustion predominates. The problems are attributed to the sensitivity of allylic C-H bonds.
propylene: allylic oxidation: Mo-oxides (heterogeneous) acrylic acid: plastic precursor propylene, ammonia: SOHIO process: Bi-Mo-oxides (heterogeneous) acrylonitrile: plastic precursor methanol: Formox process: Fe-Mo-oxides (heterogeneous) formaldehyde: basic chemicals, alkyd resins butane: Maleic anhydride process: vanadium phosphates ...
This is followed by a step in which the phenyl group migrates from the benzyl carbon to the adjacent oxygen and a water molecule is lost, producing a resonance stabilized tertiary carbocation. The concerted mechanism of this step is similar to the mechanisms of the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation [ 6 ] and Criegee rearrangement reactions, and also ...
Starting with propylene chlorohydrin, most of the world's supply of propylene oxide arises via this route. [3] An intramolecular epoxide formation reaction is one of the key steps in the Darzens reaction. In the Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky reaction epoxides are generated from carbonyl groups and sulfonium ylides. In this reaction, a sulfonium ...
During the reduction half-cycle of the stochiometric cycle, the metal oxide is reduced and forms a new metal oxide with different oxidation states (Fe 3 O 4 → 3FeO + 1/2 O 2); a non-stochiometric cycle's reduction of the metal oxide will produce vacancies, often oxygen vacancies, but the crystal structure remains stable and only a portion of ...
Propylene is also used to produce isopropyl alcohol (propan-2-ol), acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, and epichlorohydrin. [18] The industrial production of acrylic acid involves the catalytic partial oxidation of propylene. [19] Propylene is an intermediate in the oxidation to acrylic acid.