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Observations of variations in the brightness of Io as it rotated, made by Joel Stebbins in the 1920s, showed that Io's day was the same length as its orbital period around Jupiter, thus proving that one side always faced Jupiter just as the Moon's near-side always faces the Earth. [27]
3-hour timelapse showing rotation of Jupiter and orbital motion of the moons. Jupiter is the only planet whose barycentre with the Sun lies outside the volume of the Sun, though by 7% of the Sun's radius. [130] [131] The average distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778 million km (5.20 AU) and it completes an orbit every 11.86 years.
[4] [5] It was initially thought to be Jupiter's outermost known moon until recovery observations disproved this in 2020. [ 6 ] S/2003 J 2 is about 2 km (1.2 mi) in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of about 20,600,000 kilometers (20.6 gigametres (0.138 AU )) in roughly 600 days, at an inclination of around 149° to the ...
The primary observation target is Jupiter itself, although limited images of some of Jupiter's moons have been taken and more are intended. [5] JunoCam successfully returned detailed images of Ganymede after Juno's flyby on June 7, 2021, [ 6 ] with further opportunities including planned flybys of Europa on September 29, 2022, and two of Io ...
For example, Jupiter has a synodic period of 398.8 days from Earth; thus, Jupiter's opposition occurs once roughly every 13 months. If the orbital periods of the two bodies around the third are called T 1 and T 2, so that T 1 < T 2, their synodic period is given by: [7]
Kepler-419b is a hot Jupiter, an exoplanet that has a radius and mass near that of the planet Jupiter, but with a much higher temperature. It has a temperature of 505 K (232 °C; 449 °F). [ 2 ] It has a mass of 2.5 M J and a radius of 0.96 R J .
S/2003 J 4 is a natural satellite of Jupiter.It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003. [4] [1]S/2003 J 4 is about 2 km in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,000,000 km in 669 days, at an inclination of 149° to the ecliptic, in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.497.
Thebe / ˈ θ iː b iː /, also known as Jupiter XIV, is the fourth of Jupiter's moons by distance from the planet. It was discovered by Stephen P. Synnott in images from the Voyager 1 space probe taken on March 5, 1979, while making its flyby of Jupiter. [7] In 1983, it was officially named after the mythological nymph Thebe. [8]