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According to Jain texts, the 22nd tirthankara Neminatha lived about 84,000 years ago and was the cousin of Krishna. [1] The two main sects of Jainism, the Digambara and the Śvētāmbara sects, likely started forming around the 1st century CE, and the schism was complete by about the 5th century CE. [2]
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion.Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of Dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, who lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha, whom historians date to the ...
Jesus (and the Twelve Apostles) Christianity: c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD Paul the Apostle: Pauline Christianity: c. 33 AD James the Just: Jewish Christianity: c. 33 AD Lakulisha: Pashupata Shaivism sect of Hinduism: 1st century AD Judah the Prince: Rabbinic Judaism: 2nd century AD Montanus: Montanism: 2nd century AD Marcion of Sinope: Marcionism ...
Murti of Mahavira at his birthplace, Kshatriyakund (Shvetambara tradition), in Bihar. According to Jain texts, Mahavira was born on the thirteenth day of the bright half of the moon in the month of Chaitra in the year 599 BCE (Chaitra Sud 13). [2] [3] According to Shvetambara tradition, he was born in Kshatriyakund of Bihar. Some modern ...
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion belonging to the śramaṇa tradition. It prescribes ahimsa (non-violence) towards all living beings to the greatest possible extent. The three main teachings of Jainism are ahimsa, anekantavada (non-absolutism), aparigraha (non-possessiveness).
Parshvanatha, as the one who "removes obstacles and has the capacity to save", is a popular icon; his image is the focus of Jain temple devotion. [145] Of the 24 tirthankaras, Jain iconography has celebrated Mahavira and Parshvanatha the most; sculptures discovered at the Mathura archaeological site have been dated to the 1st century BCE.
Digambara tradition says Mallinatha was a son born in a royal family, and worships Mallinatha as a male. [3] [4] However, the Shvetambara tradition of Jainism states that Māllīnātha was female with a name Mallivati. [5] [6] According to Jain beliefs, Mālliṇātha became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of its karma. [7]
According to traditional accounts, he was born to king Nabhi and queen Marudevi in the north Indian city of Ayodhya, also called Vinita. [6] He had two wives, Sumangalā and Sunandā. Sumangalā is described as the mother of his ninety-nine sons (including Bharata) and one daughter, Brahmi.