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Oliguria or hypouresis is the low output of urine specifically more than 80 ml/day but less than 400ml/day. [1] The decreased output of urine may be a sign of dehydration, kidney failure, hypovolemic shock, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, urinary obstruction/urinary retention, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), pre-eclampsia, and urinary ...
Without diagnostic evaluation, the cause of underactive bladder is unclear, as there are multiple possible causes. UAB symptoms can accurately reflect impaired bladder emptying due either to DU or obstruction (normal or large storage volumes, elevated post-void residual volume), or can result from a sense of incomplete emptying of a hypersensitive bladder (small storage volumes, normal or ...
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), [12] [13] is a rapidly progressive loss of renal function, [14] generally characterized by oliguria (decreased urine production, quantified as less than 400 mL per day in adults, [15] less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children or less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants); and fluid and ...
The diagnosis of neurogenic bladder is made based on a complete history and physical examination and may require imaging and specialized studies. History should include information on the onset, duration, triggers, severity, other medical conditions and medications (including anticholinergics , calcium channel blockers , diuretics, sedatives ...
Physical findings of increased temperature, increased pulse, low blood pressure in the presence of dysuria can indicate systemic infection. Urological obstruction due to stone or tumor can result in findings of hematuria, decreased urination, and bladder spasms. All these physical findings should be looked for carefully while obtaining history.
Large studies of patients have also failed to show any correlation between lower urinary tract symptoms and a specific diagnosis. [11] Also, recently a report of lower urinary tract symptoms even with malignant features in the prostate failed to be associated with prostate cancer after further laboratory investigation of the biopsy. [10]
The most common cause of urinary retention is BPH. This disorder starts around age 50 and symptoms may appear after 10–15 years. BPH is a progressive disorder and narrows the neck of the bladder leading to urinary retention. By the age of 70, almost 10 percent of males have some degree of BPH and 33% have it by the eighth decade of life.
Hypouricemia is often benign and not a medical condition, but it is a useful medical sign. It is known occasionally to result in a decreased ability to concentrate urine due to decreased hypertonicity of the renal medulla, and may contribute to hypotension when other risk factors are present.