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1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid (1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate or 1,3BPG) is a 3-carbon organic molecule present in most, if not all, living organisms.It primarily exists as a metabolic intermediate in both glycolysis during respiration and the Calvin cycle during photosynthesis. 1,3BPG is a transitional stage between glycerate 3-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate during the fixation/reduction of ...
2,3-BPG is formed from 1,3-BPG by the enzyme BPG mutase.It can then be broken down by 2,3-BPG phosphatase to form 3-phosphoglycerate.Its synthesis and breakdown are, therefore, a way around a step of glycolysis, with the net expense of one ATP per molecule of 2,3-BPG generated as the high-energy carboxylic acid-phosphate mixed anhydride bond is cleaved by 2,3-BPG phosphatase.
In general, any reaction that occurs in vitro under physiological conditions can also occur in vivo. [3] [4] Some metabolites are so reactive that their half-life in a cell is measured in minutes. [2] For example, the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid has a half-life of 27 minutes in vivo. [5]
A typical oxidant is nitric acid, but catalytic oxidations have been developed also: [2] [3] HOCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH + O 2 → HOCH 2 CH(OH)CO 2 H + H 2 O. As glycerol is prochiral, the oxidation of the two terminal alcohol groups gives distinct enantiomers of glyceric acid. Oxidation of both primary alcohols gives tartronic acid:
One of the acyl groups of an acid anhydride can be derived from an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid. The mixed anhydride 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid, an intermediate in the formation of ATP via glycolysis, [4] is the mixed anhydride of 3-phosphoglyceric acid and phosphoric acid. Acidic oxides are also classified as acid anhydrides.
2,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid (2,3-BPG) Index of chemical compounds with the same molecular formula This set index page lists chemical structure articles associated with the same molecular formula .
One of the resultant 3-PGA molecules continues through the Calvin-Benson cycle to be regenerated into RuBP while the other is reduced to form one molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) in two steps: the phosphorylation of 3-PGA into 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid via the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase (the reverse of the reaction seen in ...
1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid, a metabolite in glycolysis; 2,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid, regulates hemoglobin; Bourne Publishing Group, a British publishing company; Broadcasting Press Guild, a British association of journalists