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  2. Photovoltaics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics

    Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry.

  3. Solar cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell

    Multiple solar cells in an integrated group, all oriented in one plane, constitute a solar photovoltaic panel or module. Photovoltaic modules often have a sheet of glass on the sun-facing side, allowing light to pass while protecting the semiconductor wafers. Solar cells are usually connected in series creating additive voltage. Connecting ...

  4. Photovoltaic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system

    A photovoltaic system, also called a PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to convert the output from direct to alternating current, as well as mounting, cabling, and ...

  5. Solar power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power

    Following the work of Russell Ohl in the 1940s, researchers Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller and Daryl Chapin created the silicon solar cell in 1954. [16] These early solar cells cost US$286/watt and reached efficiencies of 4.5–6%. [17] In 1957, Mohamed M. Atalla developed the process of silicon surface passivation by thermal oxidation at Bell Labs.

  6. Multi-junction solar cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell

    The shaded area under the red line represents the maximum work done by ideal infinite multi-junction solar cells. Hence, the limiting efficiency of ideal infinite multi-junction solar cells is evaluated to be 68.8% by comparing the shaded area defined by the red line with the total photon-flux area determined by the black line.

  7. Theory of solar cells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_solar_cells

    The theory of solar cells explains the process by which light energy in photons is converted into electric current when the photons strike a suitable semiconductor device. The theoretical studies are of practical use because they predict the fundamental limits of a solar cell , and give guidance on the phenomena that contribute to losses and ...

  8. Photovoltaic effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect

    The photovoltaic effect is the generation of voltage and electric current in a material upon exposure to light. It is a physical phenomenon. [1] The photovoltaic effect is closely related to the photoelectric effect. For both phenomena, light is absorbed, causing excitation of an electron or other charge carrier to a higher-energy state.

  9. Solar panel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel

    Solar cells are often classified into so-called generations based on the active (sunlight-absorbing) layers used to produce them, with the most well-established or first-generation solar cells being made of single- or multi-crystalline silicon. This is the dominant technology currently used in most solar PV systems.

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