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Acute toxicity symptoms have been reported and the study of long-term medical and psychological effects is ongoing. [1] As the largest marine oil spill in history, the potential for physical, psychological, and socioeconomic difficulties and long term effects remain unknown.
Corexit 9500 was designed to replace Corexit 9527. In 2002, Corexit 9527 and Corexit 9500 were the only two chemical dispersants stockpiled in large quantities in the U.S.A. [ 15 ] An estimated 2.5 million gallons of chemicals were used in response to the supertanker SS Torrey Canyon oil spill in the United Kingdom in 1967 . [ 16 ]
Twelve other products received better toxicity and effectiveness ratings, but BP says it chose to use Corexit because it was available the week of the rig explosion. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Critics contend that the major oil companies stockpile Corexit because of their close business relationship with its manufacturer Nalco .
Location: Macondo Prospect (Mississippi Canyon Block 252), in the North-central Gulf of Mexico, United States (south of Louisiana): Coordinates: 1]: Date: 20 April – 19 September 2010 (4 months, 4 weeks and 2 days): Cause; Cause: Wellhead blowout: Casualties: 11 people killed 17 people injured: Operator: Transocean under contract for BP [2]: Spill characteristics; Volume: 4.9 million barrels ...
Negative values of the decimal logarithm of the median lethal dose LD 50 (−log 10 (LD 50)) on a linearized toxicity scale encompassing 11 orders of magnitude. Water occupies the lowest toxicity position (1) while the toxicity scale is dominated by the botulinum toxin (12). [107] The LD 50 values have a very wide range.
Reproductive toxicity refers to the potential risk from a given chemical, physical or biologic agent to adversely affect both male and female fertility as well as offspring development. [1] Reproductive toxicants may adversely affect sexual function, ovarian failure, fertility as well as causing developmental toxicity in the offspring.
Caustic ingestion occurs when someone accidentally or deliberately ingests a caustic or corrosive substance.Depending on the nature of the substance, the duration of exposure and other factors it can lead to varying degrees of damage to the oral mucosa, the esophagus, and the lining of the stomach.
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