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Josephus refers to Magog son of Japheth as progenitor of Scythians, or peoples north of the Black Sea. [2] According to him, the Greeks called Scythia Magogia. [3] An alternate identification derived from an examination of the order in which tribal names are listed in Ezekiel 38, "would place Magog between Cappadocia and Media."
Meshech is mentioned along with Tubal (and Rosh, in certain translations) as principalities of "Gog, prince of Magog" in Ezekiel 38:2 and 39:1, and is considered a Japhetite tribe, identified by Flavius Josephus with the Cappadocian "Mosocheni" (Mushki, also associated with Phrygians or Bryges) and their capital Mazaca.
The names are mentioned together in Ezekiel chapter 38, where Gog is an individual and Magog is his land. [1] The meaning of the name Gog remains uncertain, and in any case, the author of the Ezekiel prophecy seems to attach no particular importance to it. [1]
Targum Onkelos (1st century CE) gives the meaning of the name as "the man to whom hidden things are revealed"; [1] Targum Pseudo-Jonathan, "the man who revealeth mysteries"; [2] Josephus [3] (c. CE 94), "a finder of mysteries". Rashi (11th–12th century CE) in his commentary on the Torah gives the meaning "explainer of hidden things". [4]
A connection between this ancestral Genesis Magog, and the prophesied Gog from Ezekiel, who ruled a country named Magog, or "Gog and Magog" from the similar 1st century AD Book of Revelation prophecy, was made explicit in Jerome. This paved the way for other writers to connect the Goths, as Scythians, to the ancestry of the Scythians as ...
Although Josephus says that he describes the events contained in Antiquities "in the order of time that belongs to them," [63] Feldman argues that Josephus "aimed to organize [his] material systematically rather than chronologically" and had a scope that "ranged far beyond mere political history to political institutions, religious and private ...
A leaf from the 1466 manuscript of the Antiquitates Iudaice, National Library of Poland. Antiquities of the Jews (Latin: Antiquitates Iudaicae; Greek: Ἰουδαϊκὴ ἀρχαιολογία, Ioudaikē archaiologia) is a 20-volume historiographical work, written in Greek, by historian Josephus in the 13th year of the reign of Roman emperor Domitian, which was 94 CE. [1]
The name is again mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel as a nation from the "far north". Ezekiel 38:6 mentions Togarmah together with Tubal as supplying soldiers to the army of Gog . Ezekiel 27:14 mentions Togarmah together with Tubal, Javan and Meshech as supplying horses to the Tyrians .