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  2. Operating expense - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_expense

    On an income statement, "operating expenses" is the sum of a business's operating expenses for a period of time, such as a month or year. In throughput accounting , the cost accounting aspect of the theory of constraints (TOC), operating expense is the money spent turning inventory into throughput . [ 4 ]

  3. Economic impact analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_analysis

    Direct effects are the results of the money initially spent in the study region by the business or organization being studied. This includes money spent to pay for salaries, supplies, raw materials, and operating expenses. [2] The direct effects from the initial spending creates additional activity in the local economy.

  4. Intermediate consumption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_consumption

    Expenditures on research and development, staff training, market research and similar activities. all goods except dwellings acquired by governmental establishments engaged in the production of defence services, including expenditures by the military on weapons of destruction and the equipment needed to deliver them.

  5. Fiscal policy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy

    In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection (taxes or tax cuts) and expenditure to influence a country's economy. The use of government revenue expenditures to influence macroeconomic variables developed in reaction to the Great Depression of the 1930s, when the previous laissez-faire approach ...

  6. Income statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_statement

    Research & Development (R&D) expenses - represent expenses included in research and development. Expenses recognised in the income statement should be analysed either by nature (raw materials, transport costs, staffing costs, depreciation, employee benefit etc.) or by function (cost of sales, selling, administrative, etc.). (IAS 1.99) If an ...

  7. National Income and Product Accounts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Income_and...

    Thus the left side gives GDP by the income method, and the right side gives GDP by the expenditure method. The GDP is given on the bottom line of both sides of the report. GDP must have the same value on both sides of the account. This is because income and expenditure are defined in a way that forces them to be equal (see accounting identity ...

  8. Government spending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_spending

    Changes in government spending are a major component of fiscal policy used to stabilize the macroeconomic business cycle. Public expenditure is spending made by the government of a country on collective or individual needs and wants of public goods and public services, such as pension, healthcare, security, education subsidies, emergency ...

  9. Canadian industrial research and development organizations

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_industrial...

    Expenditures by Canadian corporations on research and development accounted for about 50% of all spending on scientific research and development in Canada in 2007. In the corporate sector research and development tends to focus on the creation or invention of new products and services or more commonly the incremental improvement of existing ...