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Descendants of both the Jagera (Yugara) and the Turrbal consider themselves traditional custodians of the land over which much of Brisbane is built. [21] Native claim applications were lodged respectively by the Turrbal in 1998 and the Jagera in 2011, and the two separate claims were combined in 2013. [ 21 ]
The distinction between traditional custodians and traditional owners is made by some, but not all, First Nations Australians. [49] [50] On one hand, Yuwibara man Philip Kemp states that he would "prefer to be identified as a Traditional Custodian and not a Traditional Owner as I do not own the land but I care for the land."
The Aboriginal population of Australia is made up of hundreds of peoples or nations, each with their own sacred places, animal totems and other items in the geographic area known as their country, [1] or traditional lands. Sacred sites are places within the landscape that have a special significance under Aboriginal tradition.
Turrbal is considered either a dialect of the Yuggera language, [2] or a separate language, one of five subgroups of the Durubalic branch of the Pama-Nyungan languages. [1] Tom Petrie, son of one of the founding families of the Brisbane area settlements, mixed freely with the Turrbal, and mastered the language and the contiguous dialects from an early age. [5]
The Victorian Government advised that Welcomes are advised for major public events, forums and functions in locations where traditional owners have been formally recognised. A Welcome to Country can only be undertaken by an elder, formally recognised traditional owner [13] or custodian to welcome visitors to their traditional country. [6]
The traditional custodians of the fish traps are the Ngemba Wayilwan (or Wailwan) people. Nearby Aboriginal groups include the Baranbinja, Morowari, Kula, Naualko, Ualarai, Weilwan, Kamilaroi, Kamu and Paarkinlji people. It has been estimated that the region supported a population of about 3,000 people prior to European settlement.
The Brisbane area was open to free settlement in 1842. [114] Reverend Henry Stobart wrote of the Yugambeh in 1853, remarking on the abundance of resources in the area, and noted in particular thriving stands of walking stick palms , endemic to the Numinbah Valley and in Yugambeh called midyim , [ 115 ] a resource already being harvested for ...
The plight of the traditional owners is poorly documented as contemporary accounts record the events from the settler's perspective. [13] [14] There are reports of 70% mortality due to a smallpox epidemic. [15] The cemetery contains graves of a number of indigenous people and some plots were provided by the Macarthur family. [16]