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  2. Tetrapod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrapod

    This cladistic approach defines "tetrapods" as the nearest common ancestor of all living amphibians (the lissamphibians) and all living amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals), along with all of the descendants of that ancestor. In effect, "tetrapod" is a name reserved solely for animals which lie among living tetrapods, so-called crown tetrapods.

  3. Secondarily aquatic tetrapods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondarily_aquatic_tetrapods

    Several groups of tetrapods have undergone secondary aquatic adaptation, an evolutionary transition from being purely terrestrial to living at least part of the time in water. These animals are called "secondarily aquatic" because although their ancestors lived on land for hundreds of millions of years, they all originally descended from ...

  4. Marine vertebrate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_vertebrate

    This change from a body plan for breathing and navigating in gravity-neutral water to a body plan with mechanisms enabling the animal to breath in air without dehydrating and move on land is one of the most profound evolutionary changes known. [18] [19] Tetrapods can be divided into four classes: amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

  5. List of tetrapod families - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tetrapod_families

    Main menu. move to sidebar hide. ... This list does not include families that are extinct. ... (South American side-necked river turtles, and 2 other species) Mammalia

  6. Amniote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniote

    Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates. Amniotes evolved from amphibious stem tetrapod ancestors during the Carboniferous period .

  7. Labyrinthodontia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labyrinthodontia

    An informal term with a broader meaning is stem tetrapod, a stem group consisting of all species more closely related to modern tetrapods than to lungfish, but excluding the crown group. This group includes both traditional "labyrinthodonts" as well as more basal tetrapodomorph fish, though its total content is a matter of some uncertainty, as ...

  8. Evolution of tetrapods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_tetrapods

    The evolution of tetrapods began about 400 million years ago in the Devonian Period with the earliest tetrapods evolved from lobe-finned fishes. [1] Tetrapods (under the apomorphy-based definition used on this page) are categorized as animals in the biological superclass Tetrapoda, which includes all living and extinct amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

  9. Lissamphibia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissamphibia

    Cylindrical centra (the main body of the vertebrae; cylindrical centra are also found in several groups of early tetrapods) Pedicellate teeth (the crowns of the teeth are separated from the roots by a zone of fibrous tissue; also found in some Dissorophoidea; the teeth of some fossil salamanders are not pedicellate)