Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Loop diuretics are pharmacological agents that primarily inhibit the Na-K-Cl cotransporter located on the luminal membrane of cells along the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. [4] They are often used for the treatment of hypertension and edema secondary to congestive heart failure , liver cirrhosis , or chronic kidney disease .
Thiazide diuretics also increase calcium reabsorption at the distal tubule. By lowering the sodium concentration in the tubule epithelial cells, thiazides indirectly increase the activity of the basolateral Na + /Ca 2+ antiporter to maintain intracellular Na + level, facilitating Ca 2+ to leave the epithelial cells into the renal interstitium.
Metolazone and a loop diuretic will synergistically enhance diuresis over the use of either agent alone. Using this combination, diuretic effects will occur at two different segments of the nephron; namely, the loop diuretic will act at the loop of Henle, and metolazone will act at the distal convoluted tubule. Metolazone is frequently ...
The thiazide-like diuretics (indapamide and chlorthalidone) reduce risk of major cardiovascular events and heart failure in hypertensive patients compared with hydrochlorothiazide with a comparable incidence of adverse events. [5] Both thiazide diuretics and thiazide-like diuretics are effective in reducing risk of stroke.
Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine. [4]
A thiazide-like diuretic is a sulfonamide diuretic that has similar physiological properties to a thiazide diuretic, but does not have the chemical properties of a thiazide, lacking the benzothiadiazine molecular structure. Examples include metolazone, chlorthalidone, and indapamide. [1]
Mercurial diuretics cause diuresis by reducing the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, thus causing more water being delivered to the distal convoluted tubule. Unfortunately, earlier physicians misconstrued hallmark symptoms of mercury poisoning such as excessive salivation as signs of mercury's efficacy until the early 1960s ...
Hypocalciuria is a low level of calcium in the urine. It is a significant risk factor for predicting eclampsia in pregnancy. [1] The most common causes for hypocalciuria is either thiazide diuretics or reduced dietary intake of calcium. The other cause is Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH). Low dietary sodium causes hypocalciuria.