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Brevetoxins in nature often occur from a phenomenon called red tide, where species of harmful algae such as Karenia brevis bloom, causing a red coloration of the water and potentially dangerous levels of brevetoxins. Brevetoxins in nature namely results in massive fish kills and the poisoning of marine mammals and other aquatic invertebrates ...
"Scientists say a huge bloom of red tide is coming to Florida's west coast and this could be the biggest bloom the state has seen in more than ten years. They say it has already killed thousands ...
The primary source of revenue generation in many of the communities affected by K. brevis red tides is tourism. During periods of red tides this important source of revenue is often lost to the impacted coastal communities of Florida, often on the scale of tens of millions of dollars. [18] This particular protist is known to be harmful to ...
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) bloom on Lake Erie (United States) in 2009. These kinds of algae can cause harmful algal bloom. A harmful algal bloom (HAB), or excessive algae growth, is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms by production of natural algae-produced toxins, water deoxygenation, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means.
The Florida red tide organism, known as K. brevis, produces brevetoxins that can affect the central nervous system of fish and other vertebrates, causing these animals to die.
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The process of the oversupply of nutrients leading to algae growth and oxygen depletion is called eutrophication. Algal and bacterial blooms have persistently contributed to mass extinctions driven by global warming in the geologic past, such as during the end-Permian extinction driven by Siberian Traps volcanism and the biotic recovery ...
It is among the group of Alexandrium species that produce toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning, and is a cause of red tide. [2] Alexandrium catenella is observed in cold, coastal waters, generally at temperate latitudes. [3] These organisms have been found in the west coast of North America, Japan, Australia, and parts of South Africa.