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AMD Athlon (early version), a technically different but fully compatible x86 implementation. x86 (also known as 80x86[3] or the 8086 family[4]) is a family of complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architectures [a] initially developed by Intel based on the 8086 microprocessor and its 8-bit-external-bus variant, the 8088.
The five-volume set of the x86-64 Architecture Programmer's Manual, as published and distributed by AMD in 2002. x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) [note 1] is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first announced in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new ...
Cryptographic (e.g. RDRAND, AES-NI) Discontinued (e.g. 3DNow!, MPX, XOP) v. t. e. The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86 -compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor.
x86 assembly language is the name for the family of assembly languages which provide some level of backward compatibility with CPUs back to the Intel 8008 microprocessor, which was launched in April 1972. [1][2] It is used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Regarded as a programming language, assembly is machine-specific ...
Also, 64-bit central processing units (CPU) and arithmetic logic units (ALU) are those that are based on processor registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. A computer that uses such a processor is a 64-bit computer. From the software perspective, 64-bit computing means the use of machine code with 64-bit virtual memory addresses.
FLAGS register. The FLAGS register is the status register that contains the current state of an x86 CPU. The size and meanings of the flag bits are architecture dependent. It usually reflects the result of arithmetic operations as well as information about restrictions placed on the CPU operation at the current time.
Word (computer architecture) In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design. A word is a fixed-sized datum handled as a unit by the instruction set or the hardware of the processor. The number of bits or digits [a] in a word (the word size, word width, or word length) is an important characteristic of any ...
A 32-bit register can store 2 32 different values. The range of integer values that can be stored in 32 bits depends on the integer representation used. With the two most common representations, the range is 0 through 4,294,967,295 (2 32 − 1) for representation as an binary number, and −2,147,483,648 (−2 31) through 2,147,483,647 (2 31 − 1) for representation as two's complement.