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Glossary of mathematical symbols. A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various ...
The Galton board, also known as the Galton box or quincunx or bean machine, is a device invented by Francis Galton [ 1 ] to demonstrate the central limit theorem, in particular that with sufficient sample size the binomial distribution approximates a normal distribution. Among its applications, it afforded insight into regression to the mean or ...
Experimental mathematics is an approach to mathematics in which computation is used to investigate mathematical objects and identify properties and patterns. [1] It has been defined as "that branch of mathematics that concerns itself ultimately with the codification and transmission of insights within the mathematical community through the use ...
Stars and bars (combinatorics) In the context of combinatorial mathematics, stars and bars (also called "sticks and stones", [1] "balls and bars", [2] and "dots and dividers" [3]) is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It can be used to solve many simple counting problems, such as how many ways there are to put n ...
In the statistical theory of the design of experiments, blocking is the arranging of experimental units that are similar to one another in groups (blocks) based on one or more variables. These variables are chosen carefully to minimize the impact of their variability on the observed outcomes. There are different ways that blocking can be ...
Cavendish's result provided additional evidence for a planetary core made of metal, an idea first proposed by Charles Hutton based on his analysis of the 1774 Schiehallion experiment. [18] Cavendish's result of 5.4 g·cm −3, 23% bigger than Hutton's, is close to 80% of the density of liquid iron, and 80% higher than the density of the Earth's ...
Statistics (from German: Statistik, orig. "description of a state, a country") [1][2] is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. [3][4][5] In applying statistics to a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a ...
Realisation of Tyndall's bar breaker experiment ready to start. Tyndall's bar breaker is a physical demonstration experiment to demonstrate the forces created by thermal expansion and shrinkage. It was demonstrated 1867 by the Irish scientist John Tyndall in his Christmas lectures for a "juvenile auditory". [1] [2]