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The Mourning of Muharram or Remembrance of Muharram and Ashurah (عاشوراء) for Shia commemorate Imam Husayn ibn Ali's martyrdom in the Battle of Karbala. Imam Husayn was grandson of Muhammad, who was killed by Yazid ibn Muawiyah, the second Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate (and the first one by heredity). One group of Sunni Scholars have ...
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Shia Islam (/ ˈʃiːə /) is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib (656–661 CE) as his successor (Arabic: خليفة, romanized:khalifa) as Imam (Arabic: امام, lit. 'spiritual and political leader'), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but that after the Prophet ...
For all Shia, the son-in-law of Muhammad is the first Shia Imam [26] and the rightful successor to Muhammad. [27] For Sunnis , he is the fourth successor . [ 18 ] He holds an important position in almost all Sufi orders , which trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.
In Shia Islam, the figure of imam dominates the belief system. [9] Necessarily a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [10] imam is the supreme leader that combines both temporal and religious authorities, [11] for the two were combined in Muhammad. [12] Various Shia sects, however, disagreed over the identity of these imams. [10]
File:Imam chart t.pdf. Size of this JPG preview of this PDF file: 776 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 311 × 240 pixels | 621 × 480 pixels | 994 × 768 pixels | 1,280 × 989 pixels | 1,650 × 1,275 pixels. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Information from its description page there is shown below.
Ali, a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was the first of the Twelve Imams, and, in the Twelvers view, the rightful successor to Muhammad, followed by male descendants of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah. Each Imam was the son of the previous Imam, with the exception of Al-Husayn, who was the brother of Al-Hasan.
The Shia belief throughout its history split over the issue of the Imamate. The largest branch is the Twelvers, followed by the Ismailis then the Zaidis and Kaysanite. All the groups follow a different line of Imamate linked together as shown in the chart below.