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In general, the term cognitive computing has been used to refer to new hardware and/or software that mimics the functioning of the human brain [5][6][7][8][9] (2004). In this sense, cognitive computing is a new type of computing with the goal of more accurate models of how the human brain/ mind senses, reasons, and responds to stimulus.
v. t. e. In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains. [ 1 ][ 2 ] An ANN consists of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in the brain.
Fundamentally, deep learning refers to a class of machine learning algorithms in which a hierarchy of layers is used to transform input data into a slightly more abstract and composite representation. For example, in an image recognition model, the raw input may be an image (represented as a tensor of pixels).
In the field of computational neuroscience, brain simulation is the concept of creating a functioning computer model of a brain or part of a brain. [1] Brain simulation projects intend to contribute to a complete understanding of the brain, and eventually also assist the process of treating and diagnosing brain diseases .
The Hopfield network is a model for human associative learning and recall. [ 42 ] [ 43 ] It accounts for associative memory through the incorporation of memory vectors. Memory vectors can be slightly used, and this would spark the retrieval of the most similar vector in the network.
A machine learning system trained specifically on current customers may not be able to predict the needs of new customer groups that are not represented in the training data. When trained on human-made data, machine learning is likely to pick up the constitutional and unconscious biases already present in society. [126]
Neuromorphic computing is an approach to computing that is inspired by the structure and function of the human brain. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A neuromorphic computer/chip is any device that uses physical artificial neurons to do computations. [ 3 ][ 4 ] In recent times, the term neuromorphic has been used to describe analog, digital, mixed-mode analog ...
Moravec's paradox is the observation in the fields of artificial intelligence and robotics that, contrary to traditional assumptions, reasoning requires very little computation, but sensorimotor and perception skills require enormous computational resources. The principle was articulated in the 1980s by Hans Moravec, Rodney Brooks, Marvin ...