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In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another, called the modulus of the operation. Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n, where a is the dividend and n is the divisor. [1]
Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in his book Disquisitiones ...
17 is divided into 3 groups of 5, with 2 as leftover. Here, the dividend is 17, the divisor is 3, the quotient is 5, and the remainder is 2 (which is strictly smaller than the divisor 3), or more symbolically, 17 = (3 × 5) + 2. In arithmetic, Euclidean division – or division with remainder – is the process of dividing one integer (the ...
A division algorithm is an algorithm which, given two integers N and D (respectively the numerator and the denominator), computes their quotient and/or remainder, the result of Euclidean division. Some are applied by hand, while others are employed by digital circuit designs and software. Division algorithms fall into two main categories: slow ...
By definition, a and b can be written as multiples of c : a = mc and b = nc, where m and n are natural numbers. Therefore, c divides the initial remainder r 0, since r 0 = a − q 0 b = mc − q 0 nc = (m − q 0 n)c. An analogous argument shows that c also divides the subsequent remainders r 1, r 2, etc.
C mathematical functions. C mathematical operations are a group of functions in the standard library of the C programming language implementing basic mathematical functions. [1][2] All functions use floating-point numbers in one manner or another. Different C standards provide different, albeit backwards-compatible, sets of functions.
Modular exponentiation is the remainder when an integer b (the base) is raised to the power e (the exponent), and divided by a positive integer m (the modulus); that is, c = be mod m. From the definition of division, it follows that 0 ≤ c < m.
Before C99, the C language allowed other choices.) Perl, Python (only modern versions) choose the remainder with the same sign as the divisor d. [6] Scheme offer two functions, remainder and modulo – Ada and PL/I have mod and rem, while Fortran has mod and modulo; in each case, the former agrees in sign with the dividend, and the latter with ...