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Of the 9 million dairy cows in the U.S., approximately 90% of them are of the Holstein descent. [66] The top breed of dairy cow within Canada's national herd category is Holstein, taking up 93% of the dairy cow population, have a production rate of 10,257 kilograms (22,613 lb) of milk per cow that contains 3.9% butter fat and 3.2% protein [8]
The cows teat is a projection of the mammary gland that is sealed during their dry period. A dry cow refers to a dairy cow that is in a stage of their lactation cycle where milk production ceases prior to calving. This part of their lactation cycle is referred to as the cows dry period and typically last between 40 and 65 days. [1]
[8] Their milk production can reach 20,000 lb (9,100 kg) or greater per annum. With butter fat content of 4.13% and 3.30% protein content [9] The cattle are usually red and white in colour, the red varying from very deep to a lighter shade. Calves may be de-horned for ease of handling; if they are not, the horns can grow to 30 cm (12 in) in length.
Use of milk production hormone, recombinant bST: A study in February 1999 determined the "response to bST over a 305-day lactation equaled 894 kg of milk, 27 kg of fat, and 31 kg of protein". [19] Monsanto Company estimates a figure of about 1.5 million of 9 million dairy cows are being treated with rBST, or about 17% of cows nationally. [20]
In the multi-suckler system, several calves are fostered onto one cow in addition to her own, and these calves' mothers can then be used wholly for milk production. More commonly, calves of dairy cows are fed formula milk from soon after birth, usually from a bottle or bucket. Purebred female calves of dairy cows are reared as replacement dairy ...
Cattle bred specifically for milk production are called milking or dairy cattle; [1] a cow kept to provide milk for one family may be called a family cow or a milker. A fresh cow is a dairy term for a cow (or a first-calf heifer in few regions) who has recently given birth, or "freshened." The adjective applying to cattle in general is usually ...
Dairy cow Dairy cow Beef cow Tropical cow Dairy cow producing 3,000 L (790 US gal) milk 2-year-old dry Merino sheep Ewe with one lamb Weight equivalent of one unit 650 kg (1,430 lb) 455 kg (1,003 lb) 250 kg (550 lb) 600 kg (1,300 lb) 45 kg (99 lb) 55 kg (121 lb) Dairy cow 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.70 1.00 20.0 8.0 Dry medium beef cow
However, the cow is usually removed from the dairy herd around ages six to eight, [citation needed] and marketed for beef, and other processed meats. The milk has a golden-yellow tinge due to a high content of β-carotene, a provitamin for vitamin A. [3]: 192 [7] The milk also has a high butterfat content of 5% and a high protein content of 3.7 ...