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As of 2018, 343 families of vascular plants and bryophytes, with roughly 12,000 species, were known according to the Catalogue of the plants of Madagascar. Many plant groups are still insufficiently known. [2] Madagascar is the island with the second-highest number of vascular plants, behind New Guinea. [3] Of the vascular plants, 83% are ...
The Madagascar spiny forests (also known as the Madagascar spiny thickets) is an ecoregion in the southwest of Madagascar. The vegetation type is found on poor substrates with low, erratic winter rainfall. The ecoregion contains an outstanding proportion of endemic plant species and is listed as one of the 200 most important ecological regions ...
The family Didiereaceae, composed of four genera and 11 species, is limited to the spiny forests of southwestern Madagascar. [16] Four-fifths of the world's Pachypodium species are endemic to the island. [17] Three-fourths [18] of Madagascar's 860 [15] orchid species are found here alone, as are six of the world's eight baobab species. [19]
This category contains the native flora of Madagascar as defined by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions. Taxa of the lowest rank are always included; taxa of higher ranks (e.g. genus) are only included if monotypic or endemic. Include taxa here that are endemic or have restricted distributions (e.g. only a few ...
The ecoregions of Madagascar, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund, include seven terrestrial, five freshwater, and two marine ecoregions. Madagascar 's diverse natural habitats harbour a rich fauna and flora with high levels of endemism , but most ecoregions suffer from habitat loss .
Rhipsalis baccifera is the exception; it is native to both the Americas and the Old World, where it is found in tropical Africa, Madagascar, and Sri Lanka. One theory is it was spread by being carried as seeds in the digestive tracts of migratory birds; the seeds of Rhipsalis are adapted for bird distribution.
Guibemantis rianasoa has only been found in two neighboring areas, Andasibe and Fierenana, the study said. These areas are about 60 miles east of Antananarivo, the capital city.
Forest understory plants include Lissochilus orchids [2] such as Oeceoclades calcarata, a large, cool growing, showy, terrestrial orchid which grows at medium elevation (1000 to 2000 meters) in western Madagascar. Its habitat is semi-arid and it is found growing in sandy or rocky soils in dry moss and lichen forests. [3]