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  2. Hallux rigidus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallux_rigidus

    Hallux rigidus. Hallux rigidus or stiff big toe is degenerative arthritis and stiffness due to bone spurs that affects the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP) at the base of the hallux (big toe). Hallux flexus was initially described by Davies-Colley [ 1] in 1887 as a plantar flexed posture of phalanx relative to the metatarsal head.

  3. Exostosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exostosis

    An exostosis, also known as a bone spur, is the formation of new bone on the surface of a bone. [ 1] Exostoses can cause chronic pain ranging from mild to debilitatingly severe, depending on the shape, size, and location of the lesion. It is most commonly found in places like the ribs, where small bone growths form, but sometimes larger growths ...

  4. Cheilectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheilectomy

    Cheilectomy. A cheilectomy is a surgical procedure that removes bone spurs from the base of the big toe. [ 1] Patients with a condition called hallux rigidus, or arthritis of the big toe, have pain and stiffness in the big toe. The word cheilectomy comes from the Greek word Cheilos, meaning "lip." A cheilectomy removes the bone spurs, or lip of ...

  5. Calcaneal spur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcaneal_spur

    A calcaneal spur (also known as a heel spur) is a bony outgrowth from the calcaneal tuberosity (heel bone). [ 1] Calcaneal spurs are typically detected by x-ray examination. [ 2] It is a form of exostosis . When a foot is exposed to constant stress, calcium deposits build up on the bottom of the heel bone. Generally, this has no effect on a ...

  6. Osteophyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteophyte

    Osteophyte formation has classically been related to sequential and consequential changes in such processes. Often osteophytes form in osteoarthritic joints as a result of damage and wear from inflammation. Calcification and new bone formation can also occur in response to mechanical damage in joints. [5]

  7. Bunion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunion

    Bunion. A bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is a deformity of the MTP joint connecting the big toe to the foot. [ 2] The big toe often bends towards the other toes and the joint becomes red and painful. [ 2] The onset of bunions is typically gradual. [ 2] Complications may include bursitis or arthritis.

  8. Metatarsophalangeal joints - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metatarsophalangeal_joints

    The metatarsophalangeal joints ( MTP joints) are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones ( proximal phalanges) of the toes. They are analogous to the knuckles of the hand, and are consequently known as toe knuckles in common speech. They are condyloid joints, meaning that an elliptical or rounded surface (of ...

  9. Akin osteotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akin_osteotomy

    Akin osteotomy is a surgical procedure often used in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity, more commonly known as a bunion. [ 1] A bunion is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe, often resulting in the toe pointing abnormally toward the second toe. Akin osteotomy is usually performed in conjunction with other ...

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