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Computer cooling. A finned air cooled heatsink with fan clipped onto a CPU, with a smaller passive heatsink without fan in the background. A 3-fan heatsink mounted on a video card to maximize cooling efficiency of the GPU and surrounding components. Commodore 128DCR computer's switch-mode power supply, with a user-installed 60 mm cooling fan.
Cryogenic processor. A cryogenic processor is a device engineered to reduce the temperature of an object to cryogenic levels, typically around −300°F (−184.44°C), at a moderate rate in order to prevent thermal shock to the components being treated. The inception of commercial cryogenic processors dates back to the late 1960s, pioneered by ...
Cryogenics technology using liquid nitrogen and CO 2 has been built into nightclub effect systems to create a chilling effect and white fog that can be illuminated with colored lights. Cryogenic cooling is used to cool the tool tip at the time of machining in manufacturing process. It increases the tool life.
Liquid nitrogen may be used for cooling an overclocked computer, when an extreme measure of cooling is needed. Liquid nitrogen is a compact and readily transported source of dry nitrogen gas, as it does not require pressurization.
A Cray-2 and its Fluorinert-cooling "waterfall", formerly serial number 2101, the only 8-processor system ever made, for NERSC A Cray-2 operated by NASA Front view of 1985 Supercomputer Cray-2, Musée des Arts et Métiers, Paris Side view of 1985 Supercomputer Cray-2, Musée des Arts et Métiers, Paris Detail of the upper part of the Cray-2 Inside of the Cray-2
Although the liquid nitrogen is colder than the ambient temperature, the liquid nitrogen engine is nevertheless an example of a heat engine.A heat engine runs by extracting thermal energy from the temperature difference between a hot and a cold reservoir; in the case of the liquid nitrogen engine, the "hot" reservoir is the air in the ambient ("room temperature") surroundings, which is used to ...
The pressure varies gradually and the velocities of the gas are low. So the name "pulse" tube cooler is misleading, since there are no pulses in the system. The piston moves periodically from left to right and back. As a result, the gas also moves from left to right and back while the pressure within the system increases and decreases.
A model of a Stirling engine showing its simplicity. Unlike the steam engine or internal combustion engine, it has no valves or timing train. The heat source (not shown) would be placed under the brass cylinder. A Stirling engine is a heat engine that is operated by the cyclic expansion and contraction of air or other gas (the working fluid) by ...