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Fluorouracil. Fluorouracil (5-FU, 5-fluorouracil), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. [3] By intravenous injection it is used for treatment of colorectal cancer, oesophageal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. [3]
Topical 5-FU is the most utilized treatment for AK, and often results in effective removal of the lesion. [51] Overall, there is a 50% efficacy rate resulting in 100% clearance of AKs treated with topical 5-FU. [52] [53] 5-FU may be up to 90% effective in treating non-hyperkeratotic lesions. [54]
Tirbanibulin, sold under the brand name Klisyri, is a medication used for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) on the face or scalp. [4][5][6] It functions by inhibiting both tubulin polymerization and Src kinase signaling. [7] It is potentially effective in impeding the development of squamous cell carcinoma in situ.
Specialty. Dermatology. Actinic cheilitis is cheilitis (lip inflammation) caused by long term sunlight exposure. Essentially it is a burn, [2] and a variant of actinic keratosis which occurs on the lip. [5] It is a premalignant condition, [6] as it can develop into squamous cell carcinoma (a type of mouth cancer).
SCC of the skin begins as a small nodule and as it enlarges the center becomes necrotic and sloughs and the nodule turns into an ulcer, and generally are developed from an actinic keratosis. Once keratinocytes begin to grow uncontrollably, they have the potential to become cancerous and produce cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. [22]
Grenz rays are indicated for treatment of eczema, psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis, neurodermatitis, pruritus ani and pruritus vulvae.They have been reported to be helpful for lichen planus, Grover's disease, Darier's disease, Hailey–Hailey disease [6] and histiocytosis X. [2] Grenz rays have also been used for treatment of actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease.
Photokeratitis or ultraviolet keratitis is a painful eye condition caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays from either natural (e.g. intense direct or reflected sunlight) or artificial (e.g. the electric arc during welding) sources. Photokeratitis is akin to a sunburn of the cornea and conjunctiva.
A gel formulation of the drug has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [3] and by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) [4] for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis. Two different strengths of the gel have been approved for use on either the face and scalp (0.015%) or the trunk and extremities (0.05%), respectively. [5]
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