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Country of origin ( CO) represents the country or countries of manufacture, production, design, or brand origin where an article or product comes from. [1] For multinational brands, CO may include multiple countries within the value-creation process. There are differing rules of origin under various national laws and international treaties.
The country-of-origin effect (COE), also known as the made-in image and the nationality bias, is a psychological effect describing how consumers' attitudes, perceptions and purchasing decisions are influenced by products' country of origin labeling, which may refer to where: a brand is based, a product is designed or manufactured, or other forms of value-creation aligned to a country.
Rules of origin are the rules to attribute a country of origin to a product in order to determine its "economic nationality". [1] The need to establish rules of origin stems from the fact that the implementation of trade policy measures, such as tariffs, quotas, trade remedies, in various cases, depends on the country of origin of the product at hand.
A Certificate of Origin or Declaration of Origin (often abbreviated to C/O, CO or DOO) is a document widely used in international trade transactions which attests that the product listed therein has met certain criteria to be considered as originating in a particular country. A certificate of origin / declaration of origin is generally prepared ...
Abyssinia, a former name: Uncertain meaning. Latinized in 1735 from a Portuguese corruption Abassia [39] of the Arabic al-Ḥabašah ( الحبشة ), [200] from Ge'ez Ḥabbaśā ( ሐበሻ) or Ḥabaśā ( ሐበሣ ), first attested in 2nd- or 3rd-century engravings as Ḥbś or Ḥbštm ( ሐበሠ ), [201] of unknown origin.
Home state regulation. Home state regulation is a principle in the law of the European Union for resolving conflict of laws between Member States when dealing with cross-border selling or marketing of goods and services. The principle states that, where an action or service is performed in one country but received in another, the applicable law ...
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard [1] published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO (the ...
A country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for countries and dependent areas. Its primary use is in data processing and communications. Several identification systems have been developed. The term country code frequently refers to ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, as well as the telephone country code, which is embodied in the E.164 ...