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Altruism is the principle and practice of concern for the well-being and/or happiness of other humans or animals above oneself. While objects of altruistic concern vary, it is an important moral value in many cultures and religions. It may be considered a synonym of selflessness, the opposite of selfishness. [ 1]
Bystander effect. The bystander effect, or bystander apathy, is a social psychological theory that states that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim in the presence of other people. First proposed in 1964 after the murder of Kitty Genovese, much research, mostly in psychology research laboratories, has focused on increasingly ...
Helping behavior. Helping behavior refers to voluntary actions intended to help others, with reward regarded or disregarded. It is a type of prosocial behavior (voluntary action intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals, [ 1] such as sharing, comforting, rescuing and helping). Altruism is distinguished from helping ...
v. t. e. Diffusion of responsibility [1] is a sociopsychological phenomenon whereby a person is less likely to take responsibility for action or inaction when other bystanders or witnesses are present. Considered a form of attribution, the individual assumes that others either are responsible for taking action or have already done so.
Volition (psychology) Volition, also known as will or conation, is the cognitive process by which an individual decides on and commits to a particular course of action. It is defined as purposive striving and is one of the primary human psychological functions. Others include affect (feeling or emotion), motivation (goals and expectations), and ...
Willingness to pay. In behavioral economics, willingness to pay ( WTP) is the maximum price at or below which a consumer will definitely buy one unit of a product. [ 1] This corresponds to the standard economic view of a consumer reservation price. Some researchers, however, conceptualize WTP as a range.
Courage (also called bravery, valour ( British and Commonwealth English ), or valor ( American English )) is the choice and willingness to confront agony, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation. Valor is courage or bravery, especially in battle .
Social loafing. In social psychology, social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when working alone. [ 1][ 2] It is seen as one of the main reasons groups are sometimes less productive than the combined performance of their members working as individuals.