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Singapore's foreign policy: Coping with vulnerability (Psychology Press, 2000) online; Miksic, John N. (2013). Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800. NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-574-3. Murfett, Malcolm H., et al. Between 2 Oceans: A Military History of Singapore from 1275 to 1971 (2nd ed. Marshall Cavendish International Asia, 2011).
In 1928, pieces of gold ornaments dating to the mid-14th century was discovered at Fort Canning Hill. [21] Recent excavations in Fort Canning provide evidence that Singapore was a port of some importance in the 14th century [22] and used for transactions between Malays and Chinese.
Most major religious denominations are present in Singapore, with the Inter-Religious Organisation, Singapore (IRO) recognising 10 major religions in the city state. [414] A 2014 analysis by the Pew Research Center found Singapore to be the world's most religiously diverse nation, with no single religion claiming a majority.
Before 1951, the City Council was known as the Municipal Commission. [1] The rest of the crown colony was under the authority of the Singapore Rural Board. The city served as the capital of Colony of Singapore, and the State of Singapore from 1951 until its abolishment in 1965. [1] [2]
The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824. This event has generally been understood to mark the founding of colonial Singapore, [1] a break from its status as a port in ancient times during the Srivijaya and Majapahit eras, and later, as part of the Sultanate of Malacca and the Johor Sultanate.
Singapore comes under the Presidency of Bengal in India. [6] 12 November: Robert Ibbetson was appointed as the second Governor of the Straits Settlements. [7] 1832: December: Singapore becomes the centre of government of the Straits Settlements. [8] [9] 1833: 7 December: Kenneth Murchison was appointed as the third Governor of the Straits ...
Singapore is a city-state and island country in maritime Southeast Asia, located at the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia as well as the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea. It is heavily compact and urbanised. As of 2023, Singapore has a total land area of approximately 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi). [1]
The history of the Republic of Singapore began when Singapore was expelled from Malaysia and became an independent republic on 9 August 1965. [1] After the separation, the fledgling nation had to become self-sufficient, however was faced with problems including mass unemployment, housing shortages and lack of land and natural resources such as petroleum.