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Human mission to Mars. The idea of sending humans to Mars has been the subject of aerospace engineering and scientific studies since the late 1940s as part of the broader exploration of Mars. [1] Long-term proposals have included sending settlers and terraforming the planet. Currently, only robotic landers and rovers have been on Mars.
Crewed Mars rovers (also called manned Mars rovers[2]) are Mars rovers for transporting people on the planet Mars, and have been conceptualized as part of human missions to that planet. [3][4] Two types of crewed Mars rovers are unpressurized for a crew in Mars space suits, and pressurized for the crew to work without a space suit.
Artist's conception of a human mission on the surface of Mars. 1989 painting by Les Bossinas of NASA's Lewis Research Center. A Space Launch System design in the 2010s. This rocket is envisioned as the launch vehicle for some of the latest NASA speculative long-term plans for Mars concepts, although there are some bold private venture plans that may also provide mass-to-orbit for any mission ...
Discovery 8 – Deep Impact (primary); EPOXI (extended), launched January 2005, completed. Discovery 9 – Dawn, launched September 2007, completed – Vesta in 2011-2012, and Ceres in 2015-2018. Discovery 13 – Lucy, launched October 2021, operational – Will fly by one main-belt asteroid and seven Jupiter Trojan asteroids.
Because of the proximity of the Mars moons to Mars, any mission to them may also be considered a mission to Mars from some perspectives. Past missions Three missions to land on Phobos have been launched; the Soviet Phobos program in the late 1980s saw the launch of Phobos 1 and Phobos 2 , while the Russian Fobos-Grunt sample return mission was ...
On 10 December 2013, Mars One set up a crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo to help fund a 2018 demonstration robotic mission that was not built. The alleged 2018 mission would have included a lander and a communications satellite to prove technologies in addition to launch and landing. The campaign goal was to raise US$400,000 by 25 January 2014.
Tianwen-1 Chinese: 天问一号 (also referred to as TW-1; simplified Chinese: 天 问; traditional Chinese: 天 問; lit. 'Heavenly Questions') is an interplanetary mission by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) which sent a robotic spacecraft to Mars, consisting of 6 spacecraft: an orbiter, two deployable cameras, lander, remote camera, and the Zhurong rover. [22]
Galileo (1989–2003) The Galileo probe. Galileo was an uncrewed spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. It was launched on October 18, 1989, by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission. It arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, via gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth.