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Some recipes may specify butter amounts called a pat (1 - 1.5 tsp) [26] or a knob (2 tbsp). [27] Cookbooks in Canada use the same system, although pints and gallons would be taken as their Imperial quantities unless specified otherwise. Following the adoption of the metric system, recipes in Canada are frequently published with metric conversions.
Before cooking, the iron atom is in a +2 oxidation state and bound to a dioxygen molecule (O 2), giving raw meat its red color. As meat cooks, the iron atom loses an electron, moving to a +3 oxidation state and coordinating with a water molecule (H 2 O), which causes the meat to turn brown.
The USDA grading system uses eight different grades to represent various levels of marbling in beef: Prime, Choice, Select, Standard, Commercial, Utility, Cutter, and Canner. The grades are based on two main criteria: the degree of marbling ( intramuscular fat ) in the beef, and the maturity (estimated age of the animal at slaughter ).
The baker has determined how much a recipe's ingredients weigh, and uses uniform decimal weight units. All ingredient weights are divided by the flour weight to obtain a ratio, then the ratio is multiplied by 100% to yield the baker's percentage for that ingredient: Using a balance to measure a mass of flour.
Like pork, you want to cook fish to an internal temperature of 145°F. There is, however, one exception: salmon . Caison recommends turning the heat off once your salmon reaches an internal ...
Meat can be cured by smoking, which preserves and flavors food by exposing it to smoke from burning or smoldering wood. [73] Other methods of curing include pickling, salting, and air-drying. [74] Some recipes call for raw meat; steak tartare is made from minced raw beef. [75] Pâtés are made with ground meat and fat, often including liver. [76]
A raw rib roast A serving of prime rib roast Wagyu cattle are an example of a breed raised primarily for beef. Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle (Bos taurus).Beef can be prepared in various ways; cuts are often used for steak, which can be cooked to varying degrees of doneness, while trimmings are often ground or minced, as found in most hamburgers.
As of 2011 in the US, broiler chickens has an FCR of 1.6 based on body weight gain, and mature in 39 days. [25] At around the same time the FCR based on weight gain for broilers in Brazil was 1.8. [25] The global average in 2013 is around 2.0 for weight gain (live weight) and 2.8 for slaughtered meat (carcass weight). [26]