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Although opinions among Islamic scholars differ over when a pregnancy can be terminated, there are no explicit prohibitions on a woman's ability to abort under Islamic law. [1] [2] Each of the four Sunni Islam schools of thought—Hanafi, Shafi'i, Hanbali, and Maliki—have their reservations on if and when abortions are permissible. [3]
Childbirth positions (or maternal birthing positions) [1] are the physical postures that the pregnant mother may assume during the process of childbirth. They may also be referred to as delivery positions or labor positions .
In Islamic law (sharia), marriage (nikāḥ نکاح) is a legal and social contract between two individuals. [1] Marriage is an act of Islam [2] and is strongly recommended. [1] [3] Polygyny is permitted in Islam under some conditions, but polyandry is forbidden. [4]
Islamic marital jurisprudence allows Muslim men to be married to multiple women (a practice known as polygyny). In addition to the usual marriage until death or divorce, there is a different fixed-term marriage known as zawāj al-mut'ah ("temporary marriage") [2]: 1045 permitted only by the Twelver branch of Shi'ite for a pre-fixed period.
Whilst traditional Islamic scholarship upholds the notion that Islamic law permits polygyny and furthermore enforces the divine command to "marry only one" where the man fears being unable to fulfil the rights of two in a fair manner, a substantial segment of the Islamic scholarship elaborates further on the ruling regarding men who are able to ensure complete equality amongst the multiple wives.
Islamic Inheritance jurisprudence is a field of Islamic jurisprudence (Arabic: فقه) that deals with inheritance, a topic that is prominently dealt with in the Qur'an. It is often called Mīrāth, and its branch of Islamic law is technically known as ʿilm al-farāʾiḍ (Arabic: علم الفرائض, "the science of the ordained quotas"). [53]
The directive within the Quran (Al-Baqarah 2:234-235), regarding the waiting period for a widow, is: If any of you die and leave wives behind, they shall wait concerning themselves four months and ten days: When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame on you if they dispose of themselves in a just and reasonable manner.
[2] [3] At the same time, their adherence to Islam is a shared factor that affects their lives to a varying degree and gives them a common identity that may serve to bridge the wide cultural, social, and economic differences between Muslim women. [2] [3] [4]